The relationship between MCU, ARM, DSP and CPU is revealed

Did you know that microcontrollers, ARM, and DSP are all CPUs? What is the difference between them? Let the editor of Chengdu Yibyte Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. explain this question to you.

CPU: central processing unit

The CPU includes arithmetic logic components, register components, and control components, etc. It is essentially an integrated circuit, and its function is to read an instruction from one place, read data from another place, and then perform different operations on the data according to different instructions. Process, and then store the result back somewhere, lorawan wireless gateway and CPUs with different architectures will have different instructions, different access methods, different speeds, and different efficiencies.

From the perspective of realizing operation, single-chip microcomputer, ARM, DSP can all be called CPU. 1. Single-chip microcomputer: microcontroller MCU At present, single-chip microcomputer has been widely called microcontroller (MCU). Powerful, but it can be embedded in other devices to manipulate it.

The multi-machine application system of single-chip microcomputer can be divided into function collection and distribution system, parallel multi-machine processing and local network system.

2. ARM: high performance RISC

ARM core is an embedded system. The instruction, register and pipeline features of RISC architecture make it very suitable for parallel computing.

3. DSP: general digital signal processor

DSP is a unique microprocessor, a device that processes a large amount of information with digital signals. Not only is it programmable, but its real-time running speed can reach tens of millions of complex instruction programs per second, far exceeding that of general-purpose microprocessors. It is an increasingly important computer chip in the digital electronic world. the

At the same time as the CPU, the difference between the single-chip microcomputer, ARM, and DSP. Although the single-chip microcomputer, ARM, and DSP are all called C and PU, there are still obvious differences between them. 1. Single-chip microcomputer is a chip with a complete computer system, suitable for simple measurement and control systems, and its functions are relatively simple. the

Both ARM and DSP can do the work of single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer has much fewer instructions for digital calculation. In order to perform fast digital calculation and improve the efficiency of commonly used signal processing algorithms, DSP has added many instructions, such as single-cycle multiply and add instructions, Reverse order addition and subtraction instructions, block repeat instructions, etc., and even many commonly used sequences composed of several operations are specially designed to be completed in one cycle, which greatly improves the speed of signal processing. the

Due to the large amount of reading and writing back in digital processing, in order to improve the speed, the instruction and data space are separated, and two buses are used to access the two spaces respectively. At the same time, there is generally a high-speed RAM inside the DSP, and data and programs need It must be loaded into high-speed on-chip ram before it can run. 2. ARM is a microprocessor with powerful transaction processing functions and can be used with embedded operating systems. the

The biggest advantage of ARM lies in its fast speed, low power consumption, and high chip integration. Most ARM chips can be counted as SOC. Basically, a small system can be made with the addition of power supply and driver interface on the periphery. Based on the ARM core processor Embedded systems are more and more used in various embedded systems that require complex control and communication functions due to their rich resources, low power consumption, low price, and numerous manufacturers.

At present, microprocessors using ARM cores, which we usually call ARM microprocessors, have been used in various product markets such as industrial control, consumer electronics, communication systems, network systems, and wireless systems. Microprocessors based on ARM technology Processor applications account for more than 75% of the market share of 32-bit RISC microprocessors, and ARM technology is gradually penetrating into every aspect of our lives. 3. DSP is suitable for digital signal processing, such as FFT, digital filtering algorithm, encryption algorithm and complex control algorithm.

The real-time operation speed of DSP can reach tens of millions of complex instruction programs per second. DSP devices are 8 to 10 times faster than 16-bit single-chip single instruction execution time, and 16 to 30 times faster to complete a multiplication and addition operation. The design adopted is that the data bus and the address bus are separated, so that the program and data are stored in two separate Space, allowing instruction fetching and execution instructions to overlap completely, its working principle is to receive an analog signal, Lorawan Node Outdoor Gateway convert it into a digital signal of 0 or 1, then modify, delete, and strengthen the digital signal, and interpret the digital data in other system chips Its powerful data processing capability and high operating speed are the two most commendable features.

DSP chips, because of their strong computing power, high speed, small size, and high flexibility in software programming, provide an effective way to engage in various complex applications. Its main application is to implement various digital signal processing algorithms in real time and quickly.